ASTM A240 is a standard specification for chromium and chromium-nickel stainless steel plates, sheets, and strips used in pressure vessels and general applications. It defines the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and other requirements for various stainless steel grades, ensuring they meet specific corrosion resistance and strength standards. This includes common grades such as 304, 316, and various duplex stainless steels.
What is the difference between ASTM A240 and SA240?
ASTM A240 is a general standard published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), while SA240 is a standard published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), commonly used for pressure vessels. GNEE is a leading Chinese manufacturer and exporter of steel, supplying materials that conform to both standards.
| Type | Raw Material |
|---|---|
| 304 | 18 - 8 Chromium Nickel Austenitic Stainless Steel |
| 316L | Low Carbon, Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Austenitic Stainless Steel |
| 321 | Titanium Stabilized 18 - 8 Chromium Nickel Austenitic Stainless Steel |
| 410 | 12% Straight Chromium Martensitic Stainless Steel |
| 904L | High Nickel Molybdenum Super Austenitic Stainless Steel |
| UNS S31803 | Ferritic / Austenitic Duplex Stainless Steel |
| UNS S32750 | Ferritic / Austenitic Super Duplex Stainless Steel |
| UNS S31254 | High Moly Austenitic Stainless Steel |
| ASTM | BS 970 1991 | AISI / SAE | Werkstoff |
|---|---|---|---|
| A240 SS 304L | 304S11 | 304L | 1.4306 |
| A240 SS 304 | 304S15 | 304 | 1.4301 |
| A240 SS 316L | 316S11 | 316L | 1.4404 |
| A240 SS 316L | 316S13 | 316L | 1.4435 |
| A240 SS 316 | 316S31 | 316 | 1.4401 |
| A240 SS 316 | 316S33 | 316 | 1.4436 |
What are the properties of ASTM A240 type 304 material?
Physical Properties of 304 and 304L ASTM A240 Stainless Steel Plate. The density of 304 and 304L stainless steel plate is 0.285 Ibm/In3 at 68 ℉. The thermal conductivity of grade 304 and 304L stainless steel plate is 9.4 BTU/ h ft. at 212 ℉ and at 932 ℉ the thermal conductivity is 12.4 BTU/ h ft.
ASTM A240 Chemical Composition
| Element | 304 | 316 | 321 | 410 | 904L | S31803 | S32750 | S31254 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 - 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Manganese, max | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 1.20 | 1.00 |
| Phosphorus, max | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 0.035 | 0.030 |
| Sulfur, max | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.035 | 0.020 | 0.020 | 0.010 |
| Silicon | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.80 |
| Chromium | 17.50 - 19.50 | 16.00 - 18.00 | 17.00 - 19.00 | 11.50 - 13.50 | 19.00 - 23.00 | 21.00 - 23.00 | 24.00 - 26.00 | 19.50 - 20.50 |
| Nickel | 8.00 - 10.50 | 10.00 - 14.00 | 9.00 - 12.00 | 0.75 | 23.00 - 28.00 | 4.50 - 6.50 | 6.00 - 8.00 | 17.50 - 18.50 |
| Molybdenum | ... | 2.00 - 3.00 | ... | ... | 4.00 - 5.00 | 2.50 - 3.50 | 3.00 - 5.00 | 6.00 - 6.50 |
| Nitrogen | 0.10 max | 0.10 max | 0.10 max | ... | 0.10 max | 0.08 - 0.20 | 0.24 - 0.32 | 0.18 - 0.25 |
| Copper, max | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.00 - 2.00 | ... | 0.50 | 0.50 - 1.00 |
| Titanium | ... | ... | 5 x (C+N) - 0.70 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
ASTM A240 Physical Properties
| Type | Tensile Strength, ksi, min | Yield Strength, ksi, min | Elongation, % min | Hardness, max^A |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 304 | 75 | 30 | 40 | 201 HBW or 92 HRB |
| 316 | 75 | 30 | 40 | 217 HBW or 95 HRB |
| 321 | 75 | 30 | 40 | 217 HBW or 95 HRB |
| 410 | 65 | 30 | 20 | 217 HBW or 96 HRB |
| 904L | 71 | 31 | 35 | 95 HRB |
| UNS S31803 | 90 | 65 | 25 | 293 HBW or 31 HRC |
| UNS S32750 | 116 | 80 | 15 | 310 HBW or 32 HRC |
| UNS S31254 | 100 | 45 | 35 | 223 HBW or 96 HRB |
What is the thickness tolerance of ASTM A240?
ASTM A240 has stricter tolerances than ASTM A480 when it comes to thickness. For example, the thickness tolerance for ASTM A240 Type 304L Plate is ±0.024″ while the tolerance for ASTM A480 Type 304L Plate is ±0.030″. This means the former can be up to 0.006″ thinner.
What is the difference between ASTM A182 and A240?
In conclusion, both ASTM A240 and A182 are crucial standards in the world of stainless steel. While A240 is mainly for plate, sheet, and strip materials used in general applications, A182 emphasizes high-temperature and high-pressure components such as flanges and fittings.
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